How do you address a Bishop (or Archbishop or Cardinal)

Ann recently asked me how to address our Bishop while we were attending the Rite of Election in the Diocese of Buffalo. I shared that face to face you would say, "Bishop Kmiec" and when writing a letter it would be addressed to "Most Reverend Kmiec." Staff apologist at Catholic Answers, Michelle Arnold, expands upon the subject much better than I can:

In spoken conversation, you would call your bishop "Bishop (last name)" or "Your Excellency." In opening a letter, you would put "Dear Bishop (last name)" or "Your Excellency" ("Dear" is not used in front of "Your [title]"). In addressing an envelope you would put on the first line "The Most Rev. (full name)" and on the second line "Bishop of (diocese)."

Archbishops follow the same protocol as bishops. Cardinals are addressed as "Cardinal (last name)" or "Your Eminence." Letters to cardinals open "Dear Cardinal (last name)" or "Your Eminence." In addressing the envelope the first line would read "(first name) Cardinal (last name)" or "Cardinal (full name)"; the second line would read "Archbishop (or Bishop) of (archdiocese or diocese)."

On a more personal note, I find it a bit presumptuous to address a priest as 'Father Joe' unless he has made it clear that the informality is acceptable. And as for permanent Deacons, letters addressed to them would be to the attention of 'Mr. John Brown' and in person, 'Deacon Brown' is best. Transitional Deacons should be addressed as 'Rev. John Brown' as they are about to be ordained as a Priest.

As for me, I think we have a fabulously orthodox Bishop and I am drawn to address him as: "Thank God for you, Bishop Kmiec."